Increasing the speed of a particle reduces its wavelength (and thereby increases its frequency) Increasing the mass of a particle reduces its wavelength. He said that the wavelength (λ) of a particle should be inversely proportional to both the : In 1924, French physicist Louis de Broglie suggested that particles might also have a wave-particle dualism and sometimes act as waves. This is referred to as the wave-particle dualism of radiation. In 1905, Albert Einstein showed that light could be considered as both a wave and a particle. It did not answer the question of why electrons should move in circular orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus. This model was designed to explain the hydrogen emission spectrum, which it did quite well, but it was an uncomfortable mix of classical physics and the quantisation of energy. Orbits close to the nucleus were of less energy than orbits further away from the nucleus. The Bohr model for the atom, proposed by Niels Bohr in 1913, had negatively charged particles called electrons orbiting around the positively charged nucleus in fixed circular orbits as shown on the right, much like the planets orbit the sun.
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No ads = no money for us = no free stuff for you! de Broglie (b) Energy sub-levels (subshells) contain a number of orbitals. (a) Energy levels (shells) contain energy sub-levels (subshells). The term "orbital" refers to the shape of the volume of space in which there is the greatest probability density.This "distribution" of probability is referred to as "probability density".Ĭhemists often use the term "charge cloud" instead of probability density.The probability of finding an electron within a volume of space is dependent on the distance from the nucleus, there are volumes in which it is highly likely an electron will be found, and volumes in which it is very unlikely an electron will be found.Quantum mechanical model of the atom is based on the probability of finding an electron within a volume of space around the nucleus.Schrödinger's quantum mechanical model was preferred because some of its ideas could be visually represented. Equivalent quantum mechanical models of the atom were developed independently by Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schrödinger.Only whole numbers of wavelengths are allowed. Louis de Broglie proposed a model for the atom based on the wave properties of electron "particles"īohr's "orbits" were replaced with de Broglie's "standing waves".You need to become an AUS-e-TUTE Member! Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom Chemistry Tutorial Key Concepts Want chemistry games, drills, tests and more? Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom Chemistry Tutorial More Free Tutorials Become a Member Members Log‐in Contact Us
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